Don’t Fear Analogy Questions – Understand All Types in Minutes

       ANALOGY /SIMILARITY

The word “Analogy” means correspondence. In analogy questions, a specific relationship is given, and another similar relationship has to be identified from the given options.

Analogy means finding logic between two given words in which they are related after finding apply same logic with other pair of words in which you are required to find out . It is also called similarity.In these days almost in all competitive exams it has been asked to test the analogy ability of Candidate, how they differentiate things from others. An analogy is a comparison through which ideas or things are compared. Through Analogy, the things, which are different from each other, are compared. It aims to explain the ideas or things by making a comparison.  

Generally , there are three types of analogy which is -

1.       Alphabet Analogy .

2.       Number Analogy 

3.       Word Analogy 

 

Alphabet analogy – 

4.  Vowel consonant analogy - In this analogy what examiner used to do , they  give initial alphabet vowel followed by two consonants. we can best understand by given example –  ATL : EVN : IPR:  ORT

Logic – First letter of each word is vowel rest two letters are consonants. We should keep sequence of vowels while solving questions besed on  ( A , E,I,O,U) . 

5.       Skip Letter Relation /sequence-  it is similar like forward letter sequence but slightly different .

here one group of letters are written  into another of letters by just skipping some alphabets .

we can understand through example – 

ABC    :      GHI     :     JKL       :    PQR 

Here one group of letter” ABC “ and another group of letter “GHI” , there is a gap of 4  letters . so same logic we can apply in group of letters “JKL “  to finding “PQR” .

6.       Jumbled letters relation- In this type of analogy only positions of alphabets exchanges  .Come we can understand through example- 

LAIN    :      NIAL       ::   EVOL :    LOVE   

Here , Here we can write all letters from reversed ie, L became N and N became I  Vice-versa  , A became I and I Became A. 

 

 

Types of Number analogy –  

6 .  Based on Digital sum – 

This type of pattern became very popular in these days specially in ssc exams. Before to go ahead we should understand what is digital sum . it is nothing but additions of all the digits until we get  result of addition  in single digit . 

For example- 

Find digital sum of  9999 ?

Ans- 9999- 9+9+9+9= 36 = It is in double digit number convert in single digit by adding all digits = 3+6 = 9           

Example based on this pattern – 

484  : 7 ::  913: ? 

Here we can see that digital sum of 484 = 4+8+4 = 16 = 1+6=7    So , we find logic of digital sum use it in 913 so, 9+1+3 = 13 = 1+3 =4 

So, 4 will be answer.  

7. Based on Reversed pattern of digits  -  we can best understand with example – 

523 :     325     ::      603     :     ?  

Sol-  Here , 523 became 325 ie, digits are written in reversed pattern from right to left so , 603 can be written as 306 .

8. Mixed Operation Based Analogy (multiply by some fixed no. and subtraction of some fixed number)- 

We can best understand with the example  - 

14 : 39  :: 15 : ? 

Steps to solve – at first think how we can bring 39 from given number 14 . in first response of mind it will come table of 14 , when we read table of 14 three times we will get 42 and if we subtract 3 from it we will get 39 . so , we got the pattern 

14 ×3 -3 = 39 

Similarly, 15 ×3-3 = 42 

9.      Based on fixed no.  subtraction in each digit of a group  -   it is now become very popular pattern , sometimes you will not able to solve tricky questions if you don’t familiar with it .  We can best understand  through example –

               7584 : 5362 :: 4673 :? 

Sol-  In each digit started with 7 in group of digits  7584 , two is subtracted due to this 7 became 5, 5 became 3 and so on .

So,  4673 will become 2 451

10.   Analogy Based on (N)² -N  :  N = Natural number   we have studied this pattern in series chapter . we can best understand through example – 

42       :        56       ::    110     :    ? 

 Sol -   42 can be written as = (7)²-7 

             56 can be written as = (8)²- 8

             Similarly , 110 = (11)²-11 

    Next number will be = ( 12)²-12 = 132  =?  

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11.   Analogy based on prime numbers –  We can best understand this through an example: 2  : 7   ::   11  :?

 Solution: Here, we can see that 2 and 7 are prime numbers, but there is a gap of two prime numbers between them (3, 5). The logic is simply skipping two prime numbers from the given prime number. Therefore, after 11, skipping two prime numbers gives us 19 . Thus, 19 is the answer .

 

Note /Tricks: Always try to identify the logic in the series of analogy questions. Your logic should match with the options provided so that your answers will be correct. Use the options to solve the questions after determining the logic to decode them. 

 

12. Analogy based on  (N)²± 1 / (N)³±1   pattern - 

We can best understand with the following examples of both the above written pattern .

Ex1-  8  : 15  :: 24 :?

Sol-    8= (3)²-1 

          15= (4)²-1

          24=   (5)²-1                                                    

           ? =   (6)²-1 = 35

 

 

Types of word analogies – 

   

16 . City  River - In this type of analogies city name and river is given , you are expected to respond other pair . 

Note – you will do these type of questions when you know which city  is situated on which river .

Example-  Kanpur : Ganga :: Patna : ?

  Sol- Kanpur is situated on river ganga so , similar way patna is situated on which river . 

Ans-   on river ganga 

Some important city river list 

	CITY - RIVER
1.	Agra/Delhi	Yamuna
2.	Patna/Kanpur/Bhagulpur	Ganga
3.	Haridwar	Ganga
4.	Allahabad	confluence of Ganga and Yamuna
5.	Varanasi	Ganga
6.	Guwahati	Brahmaputra
7.	Kanpur	Ganga
8.	Jabalpur	Narmada
9.	Bharuch	Narmada
10.	Lucknow	Gomti
11.	Hyderabad	Musi

 

17.     Computer Terminology – 

We can classified in mainly Five  ways – 

1.       Input device –  keyboards, mouse, scanners, cameras, joysticks, and microphones etc/

2.       Output devices-  Visual Display Units i.e. a Monitor, Printer graphic Output devices, Plotters, Speakers etc.

3.       Memory devices- Computer memory is any physical device capable of storing information temporarily, like RAM (random access memory), or permanently, like ROM (read-only memory). Memory devices utilize integrated circuits and are used by operating systems, software, and hardware.  

4.       Operating system – Mac Os,  Microsoft windows 7 /10, Linux, Windows Vista  , Android etc/

5.       Search Engine – Google , Bing , Yandex , Internet explorer etc/

Note – with above given knowledge we can Respond /solve question directly 

Example1 -  Keyboard  : input   ::  Monitor :: ? 

Sol – Now we can solve easily with above information 

Monitor – output device  

Example2 -  RAM ::  MEMORY :: BING ::  ?

Sol – from the above computer terminology knowledge we can easily guess Similarty .Bing is a search engine while Ram is a memory. 

18.  Based on State – Capital -    

We can best understand through example –   Bihar : Patna :: Sikkim :: ?

Sol-The capital of Sikkim is Gangtok. 

19.   SPORTS - FAMOUS PERSONALITY

 

We can best understand through example –   Sachin Tendulkar  : Cricket :: Tiger Woods : ? 

Sol- we know Sachin Tendulkar is a famous cricketer similarly Tiger woods is a great Golfer .  

 

 

List of famous sports persons and their sports –   

 

Ø  Shri Rohit Sharma – Cricket 

Ø  Shri Mariyappan T- Para Athletics

Ø  Ms. Manika Batra-  Table Tennis

Ø  Ms. Vinesh    -      Wrestling

Ø  Ms. Rani        -        Hockey

Ø  Shri Atanu Das-    Archery

Ø  Ms. Dutee Chand-  Athletics

Ø  Ms. Deepti Sharma- Cricket